Canada's Plant Hardiness Site

Betulaceae birch family
Carpinus caroliniana var. virginiana (Marshall) Fernald
En: blue beech, American hornbeam, musclewood, ironwood;
Fr: charme de Virginie, bois de fer

• [=Carpinus americana Michx.]
• [=Carpinus betulus L. var. virginiana Marshall (basionym)]
• [=Carpinus caroliniana Walter subsp. virginiana (Marshall) Furlow]
• [=Carpinus virginiana (Marshall) Sudw. 1893, nom. illeg. hom., non Mill. 1768]